For a complete diagram of body fluid compartments, see body fluid compartments of a 70-kg man and body fluid compartments of a 55-kg woman. Note that this diagram places focus only on these three major fluid compartments. Plasma is the smallest fluid compartment (~8% of total body water). Interstitial fluid contains ~25% of the total body water. The intracellular fluid compartment contains most of the water in the body (~67% of total). The right diagram shows the three major fluid compartments drawn to scale. The left diagram allows for a better demonstration of the relationship between the intracellular fluid, interstitial fluid, and plasma, however, the relative size of each of the compartment is not drawn to scale. Waste products produced by cells follow the reverse path from the cytoplasmic compartment to plasma. They then must cross the plasma membrane to enter the cytoplasmic compartment of cells. Nutrient molecules traveling in the blood must first cross the capillary endothelium to enter the interstitial fluid. The capillary endothelium is the physical barrier that separates the interstitial fluid from plasma. The physical barrier separating the intracellular fluid compartment (i.e., cytoplasm) and the interstitial fluid is the cell plasma membrane. Therefore, whether a cell is (or will become) a neuron or kidney cell, the basic structure of its membranes is similar, whereas the actual composition of the lipids and proteins that form the biological membranes. Fluid, molecules, and ions flow across physical barriers between the fluid compartments. They all form a barrier between water-containing compartments and are specific with respect to the compounds that they let permeate. Examples of the compartmentalized fluids separated by TJ barriers are bile (in the lumen of bile ducts), urine (in the renal tubules), and cerebrospinal fluid (within the blood-brain barrier). These are the (1) intracellular fluid compartment, (2) interstitial fluid, and (3) plasma. Within the body of vertebrates, the TJ barrier acts as a liquid-liquid interface barrier to demarcate different fluid compartments. In the human body plan, there are three major fluid compartments that are functionally interconnected.
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